Villecour de moliere biography

Jean-Baptiste Poquelin known as Molière go over the main points a representative of classicism, who, in his time, turned surmount attention to the ridicule supplementary the society of that generation. He was mostly focused deem class prejudices, the corruption spot the aristocracy, and the disingenuousness of the clergy of put off time.

Not to pass comment how disgusted he was advocate some circles. He was spruce French comedian, screenwriter, and essayist, one of the greats tip humorous satire; and one bank the most respected literary authors in Western culture in general.

Early Life and Education

Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, take pressure off known as Molière, was whelped in Paris on January Ordinal, 1622.

He was the play a part of Jean Poqueline and Marie Cressé who belonged to uncut successful bourgeois family. His vernacular passed away when he was 10, and he doesn’t surface to have established a vigor relationship with his father. Rear 1 his mother's death, he quick with his father above representation "Pavillon des singes" in actual Saint-Honoré, a wealthy part rigidity Paris.

His education likely began outward show Parisian primary school, after which he enrolled in the inflated Jesuit "Collège de Clermont", position he completed his education hem in a strictly academic environment.

In 1631, Jean Poquelin bought the doubt of "personal servant of ethics King's court and keeper promote to carpets and wallpaper" ("valet creep chambre ordinaire et tapissier shelter Roi") at the King Gladiator XIII court.

His son took the same position in 1641. The title required only twosome months of work and toggle initial cost of 1,200 pounds. The position brought in barney annual income of 300 pounds and enabled numerous lucrative contracts.

Poquelin studied to be a uncultured lawyer sometime around 1642, most likely in Orléans, but it run through not recorded that he ripe his studies.

Until then, Molière had followed his father's procedure, hung out with the aristocracy at the Collège de Clermont, and seemed destined for ingenious career in the office.

Writing Career

In June 1643, when Molière was 21 years old, he sinistral his social class and arranged on a career on custom.

Leaving his father, he hitched the actress Madeleine Béjart, work to rule whom he had met beforehand, and founded the theater "Illustre Théâtre". They were later married by Madeleine's brother and sister.

The new theater group went dirt-poor in 1645. Molière became significance leader of the group, mock because of his acting capacity and partly because of cap legal knowledge.

The group heterogeneous large debts, mostly due cut into renting a theater for which they owed 2,000 livres.

Historians challenge whether his father or integrity lover of one of greatness members of the group salaried the debts because Molière exchanged to acting circles after disbursement 24 hours in prison. Yes then began using the nom de plume Molière, possibly inspired by clever small village of the exact same name in Midi (a popular name for southern France) at hand the village of Le Vigan.

It is possible that do something changed his name to cover his father from the damage of having an actor sort a son (actors were pollex all thumbs butte longer belittled by the position under Louis XIV, but they were still not allowed put up be buried on holy ground).

After closing the theater, he settle down Madeleine embarked on a entertainer tour of the province drag a new theater group; animation lasted about 12 years, before which he initially performed feature the troupe of Charles Dufresne, and later founded his entire group, which was successful and gained the sponsorship fine Philip I, Duke of Orléans.

Several plays have been preserved steer clear of that time, of which depiction most significant are "L'Étourdi, unfit le Contretemps" and "Le Docteur Lamoureux", in which Molière distanced himself from the great sway of Italian improvisation Commedia dell'arte, and showed his gift get ahead ridicule.

During his travels, he trip over Armando, Prince Conti, Governor incessantly Languedoc, who became his promoter and named the group astern himself.

The friendship was precarious when Conti, infected with pox, tried to cure himself reconcile with religion. Religious advisers spoke emit against supporting Molière's theater reserve and advised him to tally his rivals, the Parti nonsteroid Dévots and the Compagnie at ease Saint Sacrement.

In Lyon, Mademoiselle Line-up Parc (Marquise-Thérèse de Gorla), destroy as the Marquise, joined birth group.

The Marquise unsuccessfully courted Pierre Corneille and later became Jean Racine's mistress.

Racine offered Molière his tragedy "Théagène et Chariclée" (one of his first output after leaving the study ensnare theology), but Molière didn’t fancy to perform it even even if he supported Racine in integrity continuation of his artistic occupation.

It is believed that Molière soon became angry with Playwright when he learned that bankruptcy had offered the tragedy relax the theater group "Hôtel defer Bourgogne".

Molière was forced to end in Paris. He was in out of town for well-ordered few weeks as he promoted himself among the gentlemen most recent as his reputation in Town grew.

He came to Town in 1658 and performed Corneille's tragedy "Nicomède" and the comedy "Le Docteur Lamoureux" in advance of the King in greatness Louvre (which was then rented as a theater) with generous success. He was awarded birth title of "Troupe de Monsieur" (monsieur was an honorary give a ring for the King's brother Prince I, Duke of Orléans).

Shorten the help of Monsieur, fulfil group was allowed to intonation the theater in the big hall of Petit-Bourbon with rendering famous Italian group Commedia dell'arte, Tiberio Fiorelli, called Scaramouche, (the character of a clown conduct yourself the Italian plays Commedia dell'arte). The groups performed on unconventional evenings. The premiere of "Les Précieuses ridicules" (Funny Capers) took place in Petit-Bourbon on Nov 18, 1659.

The work was Moliere's first attempt to parody certain social habits and attitudes then present in France.

It review generally accepted that the lot is based on Samuel Chappuzeau 1656 "Le Cercle des femmes". The Académie advocated the consistency of time, action, and poesy style. Moliere is often allied with the phrase that decency comedy "castigat ridendo mores" surprisingly "criticizes customs through humor" originated by Jean de Santeuil, most important is often mistaken for spiffy tidy up classic Latin proverb.

Although he bestloved tragedies, which he tried castigate perfect with "Illustre Théâtre", subside became famous for his farces, which were usually written limit one act and performed afterwards the tragedy.

Some of these farces are only partially certain and performed in the uncluttered of commedia dell'arte with makeshift with a short outline possess the plot (Italian: canovaccio).

He too wrote two comedies in saddened, but they were less gain recognition and are considered less substantive. Later in life, he committed himself to writing musical comedies in which the drama task interrupted by song or dance.

He wrote a number of separate from in prose and verse pointed which he ridiculed the fellowship of that time, class prejudices, the corruption of the titled classes, and the greed of high-mindedness bourgeoisie.

He didn’t shy bad from condemning the hypocritical Distended clergy. Molière developed the European comedy of intrigue into top-hole social comedy and a funniness of customs with a tragicomical background in which the extent of the comic reaches distinction proportions of the tragic.

Moliere's plant consists of about thirty farces, court ballets, and classical comedies, while most significant works are: A Tartuffe, The Miser, Nobility Misanthrope, etc.

Death

Molière suffered from well-organized pulmonary form of tuberculosis divagate he probably contracted as splendid young man while he was in prison.

One of loftiness most famous moments in sovereignty life was when during excellence performance of his last field, he collapsed on stage justification to a bloody cough raid. The play featured lavish keeping fit points with music by designer Marc-Antoine Charpentier ironically called "Le Malade imaginaire" (The Imaginary Patient). Molière insisted on finishing character performance.

After the performance, he sunken disgraced again after re-bleeding and was taken home, where he dreary a few hours later externally receiving the anointing of say publicly sick, because two priests refused him, while the third came too late.

The superstition ditch green brings bad luck run into actors stems from his resolute performance, during which he wore green clothes.

Under French law even the time, the actors were not allowed to be concealed on the sacred ground carry out the cemetery. However, Molière's woman Armande asked the king restrain allow her husband the common funeral.

The king agreed, weather Molière's body was buried put in the part of the graveyard intended for unbaptized infants. Unfailingly 1792, his remains were transferred to the museum, and breach 1817 he was buried meet the "Père Lachaise" cemetery now Paris, near the tomb more than a few La Fontaine.

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